Running on empty
1. In the oil business, the term "proven reserves" is a way of expressing how many years we can pump oil from known deposits at the current rate until we run out. What were the proven (measured) global oil reserves in these years?
1970
15 years
20 years
30 years
1980
15 years
20 years
30 years
2000
15 years
20 years
30 years
2. Everyone knows that we are burning up our reserves of coal to make electricity (the most commonly used fuel for that purpose). At present rates of consumption, (and present prices) the proven (measured) coal reserves in the USA will last how long?
30 years
50 years
100 years
300 years
Too darn hot
3. List three episodes of global warming and give approximate dates.
4. Attribute probable or possible causes to the episodes of global warming you identified above.
5. The Earth is believed to be warming from its normal temperature to a temperature much above present conditions. According to recently published oxygen-isotope data (from ocean sediments, etc.), the average surface temperature of the Earth for most of the time during the past 65 million years was steady at about what temperature (in degrees Celsius) relative to the present?
5 degrees cooler
0 degrees cooler
5 degrees warmer
10 degrees warmer
The rising tide
6. The melting of the polar icecaps is a major concern due to the ensuing rise in sea level and potentially drastic changes in ocean current patterns (and thus weather). Polar ice caps are:
A. Robust, and have been present ever since the Earth formed.
B. Delicate, but have been present most of Earth's existence.
C. Rare phenomena absent for the majority of Earth's history.
D. A government hoax. Scenes of polar expeditions were faked by NASA.
7. Oceanographers estimate that the melting of the West Antarctic Ice Cap will raise world sea level by about 6 meters. About half of the world's population live at elevations less than how many meters above current sea level?
6 meters
60 meters
160 meters
260 meters
Waste not, want not
8. California, land of smog, commuting, and automotive idolatry, has had energy shortages in 2000-2001. Perhaps Californians simply consume too much energy. Where does California rank among the States in terms of energy consumption per capita (1st would mean they consume the most per capita, and 50th the least)?
1st
5th
33rd
47th
9. Automobiles are recognized as terribly wasteful of the Earth's resources. Of the total weight of a car when it goes to the scrap yard (not allowing for zany British TV shows), about how much ends up being recycled into new cars or other useful things?
15%
35%
75%
95%
Location, location, location
10. More than half the Earth's identified reserves of natural gas are located in:
USA
Saudia Arabia
Russia
Kuwait
11. The largest known potential resource of fossil fuels is contained in:
A. Petroleum deposits in the Mid-East
B. Methane clathrate deposits on the ocean floor
C. Coal deposits in the USA
D. Natural gas deposits in Kuwait
It's all bad news
12. After the establishment of oil and gas drilling on the North Slope of Alaska in the 1970's, the number of caribou breeding there:
Declined
Stabilized
Increased
13. Increased CO2 in the atmosphere has been shown, by recently published data, to have what effect on the growth of wild forest trees?
Kills saplings
Slows growth
No effect
Speeds growth
14. In the Northeastern USA, what phenomenon is most responsible for killing saplings that would otherwise provide reforestation?
Global Warming
Acid Rain
Water pollution
Deer Overpopulation
The winds of change
15. Global warming has recently caused a lot more bad weather, we are told.What was the worst hurricane year in the twentieth century?
1933
1953
1987
1997
See for yourself!